Category Archives: General PH&RM

Etomidate in RSI – systematic review

A systematic review of 20 included studies comparing a bolus dose of etomidate for rapid sequence induction with other induction agents resulted in the following conclusion: “The available evidence suggests that etomidate suppresses adrenal function transiently without demonstrating a significant … Continue reading

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Tracheal tube cuff pressure in flight

Tracheal tube cuff pressures increased from a mean 28.7 cm H2O pre-flight to 62.6 cm H2O in flight (mean altitude increase 2260 feet) in a Swiss helicopter-based study. At cruising altitude, 98% of patients had intracuff pressure >30 cm H2O, 72% had … Continue reading

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Tactical Combat Casualty Care

The brave men and women of the military not only risk their lives for us – they also provide a wealth of trauma experience and publish interesting stuff. This month’s Journal of Trauma contains a military trauma supplement. One of … Continue reading

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Less RSI desaturation with Roc

Some of my pre-hospital critical care colleagues in the UK exclusively use rocuronium in preference to suxamethonium for rapid sequence induction (RSI) of anaesthesia in critically ill patients. I couldn’t see a good reason to switch although now there’s some … Continue reading

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Pre-hospital RSI successes

A couple of papers in Prehospital Emergency Care this month contribute to the pre-hospital airway management / rapid sequence intubation (RSI) literature. Intensive physician oversight of a pre-hospital RSI program increased the prescription of post-intubation morphine and midazolam, and decreased … Continue reading

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Pre-hospital chest escharotomy

Two cases are described in Pre-hospital Emergency Care of severely burned patients who were impossible to adequately ventilate after tracheal intubation until they underwent escharotomy by a pre-hospital physician. The review that follows reminds us of some intersting escharotomy facts: … Continue reading

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Military pre-hospital thoracotomy

Military doctors in Afghanistan reviewed their experience of thoracotomy done within 24 hours of admission to their hospital. The ballistic nature of thoracic penetrating trauma (mainly Afghan civilians without body armour) differs from the typical knife-wound related injury seen in … Continue reading

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Infant CPR: two thumbs even when alone

Infant CPR guidelines recommend two-finger chest compressions with a lone rescuer and two-thumb with two rescuers. Two-thumb provides better chest compression but is perceived to be associated with increased ventilation hands-off time. A manikin study revealed more effective compressions with … Continue reading

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Surviving avalanche burial

Avalanche burial has a high mortality and yet in some cases there have been some amazing saves despite prolonged cardiac arrest. An international working group undertook a systematic review to examine 4 critical prognostic factors for burial victims in cardiac … Continue reading

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Pre-hospital RSI

Physicians from HEMS London document their experience of 400 pre-hospital rapid sequence induction / intubations. Their data are consistent with the experience of other similar services and with the emergency airway management literature in general: Failure to intubate is rare … Continue reading

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